01 . Quality management of the production process
The whole process of industrial production refers to the series of processes from market research, through product development and design, product process preparation, raw material procurement, production organization, control, inspection, packaging and warehousing, to sales and service. That is, to conceive, produce ideal products, push products to the society, and provide users with the use value. The basic method of total quality management is the quality management of the whole process, and the quality of products is guaranteed by improving the quality of work in each link.
The standard of measuring the superiority or inferiority of a production process is: high yield, high quality, low consumption. It can also be said to be fast, good, and economical, and its quantitative indicators are reflected in the input-output rate.
In the production process, business managers strive to produce as many products as possible to meet user needs with the least amount of labor expenditure (including embodied labor and living labor). For us, it is to produce products that meet the company's quality requirements at the lowest cost.
To achieve this goal of the production process, one is that various production factors, such as people, capital, materials, and information, meet the needs of the production process in terms of quality and quantity, which is the premise and foundation for organizing the production process well. Therefore, production management must start from the basic conditions. The second is to make the various production factors in the best combination state in the production process, and form a complete system that is interrelated, closely coordinated, orderly, and efficient according to the production process requirements of the product.
To ensure the best state of combination, which contains a wealth of management connotation, it must be implemented and realized through a series of technical methods and management measures, by using the functions of planning, organizing, and controlling. The 5S management we have recently implemented and the total quality management we are going to implement are all concrete measures to improve our management level.
The task of quality management in the production process is to achieve conforming quality, so that the products produced meet the product standards designed. Those that pass the inspection and meet the standards are qualified products, and those that do not meet the standards are substandard or defective products. Inspecting products is a common task for all managers and employees, and of course, it is also the duty of QC personnel.
02. Production Process Quality Management Measures
1. Persist in organizing production according to standards.
Standardization work is an important premise of quality management and a need to achieve standardized management. "Without rules, there will be no square circle." The standards of an enterprise are divided into technical standards and management standards. The work standards are actually separated from the management standards and are a part of the management standards. Technical standards are mainly divided into raw material auxiliary material standards, process and tooling standards, semi-finished product standards, finished product standards, packaging standards, inspection standards, etc. It controls the quality of materials in each process along the line of product formation, sets up barriers and gateways layer by layer, and keeps the production process under control. In the system of technical standards, each standard revolves around the product standard and is carried out. They are all for the purpose of achieving the standard of finished products.
Management standards are norms for human behavior, norms for interpersonal relationships, and norms for the relationship between people and things, all aimed at improving work quality and ensuring product quality. They include product process specifications, operation specifications, and economic responsibility systems, etc. The degree of standardization in a enterprise reflects the level of its management. To ensure product quality, enterprises must first establish and improve various technical and management standards, striving for coordination. Secondly, standards must be strictly implemented, and the quality of materials and the quality of human work in the production process must be standardized, strictly assessed, and rewards and punishments must be implemented. Thirdly, standards must be continuously revised and improved, new standards must be implemented, and the advancement of standards must be guaranteed.
2. Strengthen the quality inspection mechanism
Quality inspection plays the following functions in the production process: First, the function of assurance, which is also the function of gatekeeping. Through the inspection of raw materials and semi-finished products, identify, sort, and eliminate non-conforming products, and decide whether to accept the product or the batch of products. Ensure that non-conforming raw materials are not put into production, non-conforming semi-finished products are not transferred to the next process, and non-conforming products are not delivered from the factory; Second, the function of prevention. Information and data obtained from quality inspection provide the basis for control, discover quality problems, find out the causes and eliminate them in time, prevent or reduce the production of non-conforming products; Third, the function of reporting. The quality inspection department reports quality information and quality problems to the factory director or relevant superior departments in a timely manner, providing necessary quality information for improving quality and strengthening management.
To improve the quality inspection work, one needs to establish and improve the quality inspection organization, equip it with quality inspection personnel and equipment and facilities that can meet the production needs; two, to establish and improve the quality inspection system, to implement layer-by-layer control from the raw materials entering the factory to the finished products leaving the factory, to make original records, to have clear responsibilities of production workers and inspectors, and to implement quality tracking. At the same time, the functions of production workers and inspectors should be closely combined, and inspectors should not only be responsible for quality inspection, but also have the function of guiding production workers. Production workers can not only manage production, but also inspect the products they produce themselves, and implement self-inspection, mutual inspection and special inspection; three, to establish the authority of the quality inspection organization. The quality inspection organization must be under the direct leadership of the factory director, and no department or personnel can interfere. The raw materials that have not been confirmed by the quality inspection department are not allowed to enter the factory, the semi-finished products that do not meet the requirements are not allowed to flow to the next process, and the products that do not meet the requirements are not allowed to leave the factory.
3. Exercise quality veto power
Product quality is guaranteed by the quality of work, and the quality of work is mainly a problem of people. Therefore, how to tap the positive factors of people, improve the quality management mechanism and the restraint mechanism, is an important link in the quality work.
The quality responsibility system or the economic responsibility system with quality as the core is an important means to improve the quality of people's work. Quality management occupies an important position in the various management of an enterprise, because the important task of an enterprise is to produce products, provide social use value, and obtain its own economic benefits. The core of the quality responsibility system is that the enterprise managers, technicians, and production personnel implement the combination of responsibility, power, and benefit in quality issues. As the quality management of the production process, we should first analyze the quality functions of each post and personnel, that is, to clarify what responsibilities each person has in quality issues and what the standards of work are. Secondly, the product quality of the post personnel should be closely linked to the economic interests, and the rewards and punishments should be fulfilled. For those who have won for a long time, heavy rewards should be given, and for those who have neglected their duties and caused quality losses, in addition to not counting the salary, they should also be subject to compensation or other penalties.
In addition, in order to highlight the importance of quality management work, quality veto should also be implemented. That is to say, quality indicators should be used as a hard indicator for the assessment of cadres and staff. No matter how well other work is done, as long as there is a problem in quality, a one-vote veto will be implemented in the selection of advanced, promotion, and upgrading.
4. Identification of key factors affecting product quality and setting of quality management or control points.
The meaning of the quality management point (control point) is that the production and manufacturing site takes special management measures and methods to strengthen the management under the condition of a certain period and certain conditions for the quality characteristics, key parts, weak links and main factors that need to be focused on. It is necessary to ensure that the factory is in a very good control state and to guarantee the specified quality requirements. To strengthen the management of this aspect, it is necessary for the professional management personnel to make a systematic analysis of the overall enterprise, find out the key parts and weak links and control them.
Quality is the life of an enterprise, a display of the overall quality of an enterprise, and also a reflection of the comprehensive strength of an enterprise. With the progress of human society and the improvement of people's living standards, customers' requirements for product quality are getting higher and higher. Therefore, if an enterprise wants to develop steadily in the long term, it must focus on quality to carry out production, strengthen the management of product quality, and produce high-quality products to satisfy the leaders of the enterprise and our customers!